Check physical memory windows

Table of contents What is RAM memory? How to check RAM speed? How do you check what type of RAM you have?

Maham Mukhtar. Share on: Subscribe. Thanks a lot for pointing out the typo. Which version of Windows 10 are you using? Nothing is showing on that side of my task manager what will i do to see the no of slots?

Thank you. The result is pr. Many thanks, Deftoner, I have corrected the typo. Loved the command line. BTW there is a typo: infromationSpeed for informationSpeed. Email Required, but never shown. The Overflow Blog. Podcast Making Agile work for data science. Stack Gives Back Featured on Meta. New post summary designs on greatest hits now, everywhere else eventually. Linked 1. Related Hot Network Questions. Question feed. However when a server is meant to run a few dedicated Processes which are particularly large, a 2MB page implementation would result in significant performance gain outweighing the memory leakage due to internal fragmentation.

Multi-level Page Table. In 64 bit systems, the basic Linear Page Table assumes a gigantic size because the Table bit size assumes the value of Operating bit size.

However, each of these smaller Tables represent a process and so the Operating System can choose to selectively load Page Tables to memory as per memory availability and page out a Table to Hard Disc when the process become inactive or is terminated.

Multi Level Page Tables are arranged in hierarchical groups, such that each entry on a page table identifies another page table down the hierarchy forming a tree of page tables. The last level in the hierarchy contain the process Page Tables while the ones higher up in the hierarchy, helps to identify the process table at the end of the tree.

Increasing the number of hierarchical levels is aimed at further splitting the Page Count i. Table index bit size used for allocating page numbers of the Page Table structure at the last level in order to reduce the process table size, but at the expense of increasing the count of process tables at the last level. This allows the Operating System to gain finer control for allocating page tables to physical memory. However increased number of levels also increases the number of indexing required to identify the process page table and this becomes less efficient but for the TLB which helps to speed up the indexing by caching the address translation tables.

The MMU of the processor uses the highest 10 bits of the virtual address to index into the Page Table Directory and determine the page table base address. It then uses the next 20 bits of the virtual address to index into the Page Table and look up for the Page Frame address in physical memory. The lowest 12 offset bits in Program counter is used to index into the Page Frame and locate the instruction.

When the Offset reaches its maxima and resets to zero, the VPN gets incremented in the program counter. This is the Page Table Size of a single process. So for a typical of processes the memory requirement is GB! So for a typical of processes the memory requirement is 5 00 MB. The operating system will try to retain all created Page Tables in Standby list in physical memory. If the free memory level runs below a certain threshold, some of the Page Tables in Standby will be Paged out to Hard Disc and those Standby list will be released to Free memory.

For example, Page size of 2 MB is used to gain system performance when large processes need to run on the target system.

Increasing the number of levels beyond 2 level does not necessarily reduce the overall size of all Page Tables. What is does, is to reduce the size of a Page Table and increase the count of Page Tables. This allows the Operating System to gain finer control on physical memory utilisation by the virtual memory page tables.

But for the TLB, a multi-level page table would have had considerable performance loss, due to multiple indexing involved through two or more levels of page tables to locate a page frame in physical memory. In the language of the operating system software, the virtual memory address is a pointer to the physical memory address, which in the case of multi-level page table resolves through a chain of indirection where one virtual address is a pointer to another virtual address spanning across address tables, leading to the physical memory address at the final level.

Inverte d Page Table. However Multi Level Page Table became the preferred choice for Windows as it embraced 64 bit technology to develop into the future for both desktops and servers. The Inverted Page Table is a strategy to reduce page table size by defining a Page table where the address space refers to the physical address space of RAM instead of the virtual address space.

This makes sense on server systems having large amount of installed RAM to meet the demand of all running services. In a normal implementation of virtual memory, every process has its own page table with each page table having the same set of virtual addresses, and so the virtual memory space is variable depending on the number of running processes.

Allocating a process in continuous pages will lead to internal fragmentation of the Page Table itself! Since the virtual address set has to be same for all processes fixed in the Program Counter, a process identifier PID is required in each PTE of the IPT to identify the VPNs corresponding to a process, as processes can no longer be distinguished by individual page table base address.

Shared processes are not mapped within the virtual address set of a process, but are executed by a call-return statement to the shared process existing in the IPT. This does not change the principle behind the virtual memory operation, where the virtual memory address serves as a memory pointer in OS instructions to access the physical memory.

The time and space overhead in creating an extra Hash Table, far outweighs the otherwise performance loss in directly using the IPT. This physical address is used to fetch the process code and data for execution. If no match is found between the CPU data and PTE, a hash collision resolution technique is used to determine the PPN, by chaining hash entries to point to other entries in the hash table.

The Hash Table eliminates the need of a table search but at the cost of two indexing — one in the hash table and the other in the page table. The use of Translation Lookaside Buffer TLB is particularly necessary to improve the performance of an Inverted Page Table by serving as the first level map for virtual to physical memory translation. On a TLB miss, the Hash table is used as the second level map, and finally a Page Handler of the operating system is invoked for resolution of a Page fault.

All these jugglery is just to ensure that least amount of physical memory is invested on the Page Table virtual memory which manages that very physical memory present as a limited resource. RAM evolved to serve as a buffer between the low speed magnetic hard disc storage and the high speed processor. Currently, the storage technology has advanced to Solid State Drives SSD and SD cards delivering significant speed, robustness and miniaturisation necessary for mobile devices.

But these drives cannot effectively replace RAM because of their limited write cycle endurance defining its life span. As a storage device, SSDs has an inbuilt controller which distributes the write cycles uniformly to all its usable space to improve the life span to a minimum of 5 years. However this strategy will not extend the life of SSDs if made to emulate as RAM, because write cycles are overwhelmingly large in RAM where objects like webpage, apps and data are created or edited all the time.

There is yet another possibility of RAM eventually getting merged with the processor cache, when technology has sufficiently advanced to produce highly miniaturised and low power consuming memory chips, viable to attain the saturation size in system design.

The exception is the page file on hard disc which is mapped into the memory address space and acts as a secondary cache when memory demand of processes run higher than the installed memory. Due to slow response time of the hard disc, the page file is never a true replacement for RAM and is applied only as a contingency measure to free up memory space. Increasing the size of page file will not enhance the performance of the system. The 4GB memory limit and 2TB storage space limit in bit systems, makes a quantum leap in bit systems, which is way beyond the maximum capacity of RAM and Hard Disc that can be currently supported in an high end system.

Thus bit systems remain vastly open-ended to allow for all future developments in technology over the next decades. Device IO. This thread is locked. You can follow the question or vote as helpful, but you cannot reply to this thread. Threats include any threat of suicide, violence, or harm to another. Any content of an adult theme or inappropriate to a community web site. Any image, link, or discussion of nudity.

Any behavior that is insulting, rude, vulgar, desecrating, or showing disrespect. Any behavior that appears to violate End user license agreements, including providing product keys or links to pirated software. Unsolicited bulk mail or bulk advertising. Any link to or advocacy of virus, spyware, malware, or phishing sites. Any other inappropriate content or behavior as defined by the Terms of Use or Code of Conduct.

Any image, link, or discussion related to child pornography, child nudity, or other child abuse or exploitation. Details required : characters remaining Cancel Submit. Was this discussion helpful? Yes No. Sorry this didn't help.

Thanks for your feedback. Was this reply helpful? Thanks for the reply. Microsoft as gotten too technical. Your customer base are not techs but end users. We don't care about open code, open source, or whatever. We want productivity, not to have to change code, or read papers to get to one task.

I typed 'how to change virtual memory in Cortana and this is what I received:. It didn't even address the issue. My suggestion is to stop chasing ChROme, and be execellent again. It requires time to manually check your computer information, including your graphics card information.

As you may have already known, Windows 10 computers usually run into various issues, and one of the possible problems is the device drivers. Driver Easy will automatically recognise your system and solve the drivers issues in Windows But with the Pro version, it takes just 2 clicks and you will get full support and a day money back guarantee. Driver Easy will then scan your computer and detect any problem drivers. Lillian is a technical writer and a tech enthusiast who loves to share technical tips and solutions to computer problems.

As a Microsoft Certified Professional MCP , she writes posts to solve various Windows system issues, and shares technical tips for gaming, video streaming, etc.